Concrete carbonation: storage claim or cement-efficiency claim?

Building materials are one of the few utilization cases where the carbon can end up mineralized for a long time. The catch is that the climate value may come as much from cement savings as from CO2 uptake.

Xi et al. is useful for global cement carbonation context: doi:10.1038/ngeo2840. Habert et al. is a broader concrete decarbonization review: doi:10.1038/s43017-020-0093-3. For CO2-based polymers/materials, Cao and Wang is a different angle: doi:10.1002/sus2.2.

When reviewing a concrete curing or aggregate claim, do you ask first for net uptake, binder reduction, strength data, permanence, or market displacement?